基于非靶向代谢组学的茄梨和红茄梨成熟期果皮代谢产物的差异分析

为了探究西洋梨品种茄梨及其红色芽变红茄梨成熟期果皮代谢产物差异,采用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术,对茄梨和红茄梨成熟期果皮进行非靶向代谢组学研究。通过主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘判别分析,构建了多变量统计分析模型,结合模型和变量重要性投影与最大差异倍数值,基于精确质量数、二级碎片以及同位素分布,使用PMDB(Plant Metabolome Database)数据库进行定性,筛选并鉴定出茄梨和红茄梨果皮中显著性变化(P<0.05, VIP(variable importance in project)≥1)的差异代谢物有83种,主要包括酚酸类、黄酮类和氨基酸类物质,涉及类黄酮代谢、氨基酸代谢、苯丙烷类代谢等代谢途径,其中53种物质含量上调,30种物质表达下调。通过KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)数据库进一步对差异代谢物质进行通路富集分析,差异代谢物主要分布在20条代谢途径中,P<0.05的代谢途径有6条,分别是类黄酮生物合成、黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成、苯丙烷生物合成、丁酸酯代谢、苯丙氨酸代谢、酪氨酸代谢。这些差异代谢物的变化可能是导致茄梨和红茄梨果皮色泽不同的原因。该研究从植物代谢组学角度初步揭示了茄梨和红茄梨成熟期果皮的代谢产物差异性。     

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Based on the structure design and characteristics of the sealing welding of tritium-breeding blanket cap runner, the ultrasonic microscopic detection technology is studied. The testing parameters and the applicability of the method are determined. The JSR DPR500 ultrasonic microscopic detection system is selected to study the testing parameters. The characteristics of the probe parameters and the focus of the sound beam in the ultrasonic microscopy detection are analyzed. Different parameters and water layer thicknesses are used to improve the detection sensitivity. The problem that the small defects in the sealing welding of cap runner are difficult to detect is solved.     

Narrow band quantitative and multivariate electroencephalogram analysis of peri-adolescent period

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The peri-adolescent period is a crucial developmental moment of transition from childhood to emergent adulthood. The present report analyses the differences in Power Spectrum (PS) of the Electroencephalogram (EEG) between late childhood (24 children between 8 and 13 years old) and young adulthood (24 young adults between 18 and 23 years old). RESULTS: The narrow band analysis of the Electroencephalogram was computed in the frequency range of 0--20 Hz. The analysis of mean and variance suggested that six frequency ranges presented a different rate of maturation at these ages, namely: low delta, delta-theta, low alpha, high alpha, low beta and high beta. For most of these bands the maturation seems to occur later in anterior sites than posterior sites. Correlational analysis showed a lower pattern of correlation between different frequencies in children than in young adults, suggesting a certain asynchrony in the maturation of different rhythms. The topographical analysis revealed similar topographies of the different rhythms in children and young adults. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated the same internal structure for the Electroencephalogram of both age groups. Principal Component Analysis allowed to separate four subcomponents in the alpha range. All these subcomponents peaked at a lower frequency in children than in young adults. CONCLUSIONS: The present approaches complement and solve some of the incertitudes when the classical brain broad rhythm analysis is applied. Children have a higher absolute power than young adults for frequency ranges between 0-20 Hz, the correlation of Power Spectrum (PS) with age and the variance age comparison showed that there are six ranges of frequencies that can distinguish the level of EEG maturation in children and adults. The establishment of maturational order of different frequencies and its possible maturational interdependence would require a complete series including all the different ages.     

Characterization of Block Structures in Copolycondensates: A Review

Various kinds of copolymers, differing in composition and in arrangement of monomeric units in the macromolecule, can be obtained from the copolymerization of two monomers. In a given composition, monomeric units may assemble in a random way, alternatively, or tend to give sequences of the same unit:     

气相色谱法测定食品中己二酸

建立了气相色谱/氢火焰离子化检测器同时测定6种食品中己二酸含量的方法.该方法通过加酸助溶,采用乙酸乙酯提取食品样品中的己二酸,浓缩后再用硅烷化试剂进行衍生化处理.考察了温度、时间及衍生化试剂用量对己二酸硅烷化衍生效果的影响.以庚二酸内标法定量测定,定量限为5 mg/kg,在5～600 μg/mL范围内呈良好线性关系,相...     

固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用快速鉴定香稻香味特征化合物2-乙酰基吡咯啉

建立了固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱(SPME-GC/MS)联用快速鉴定香稻香味特征化舍物2-乙酰基吡咯啉的方法.香米加入内标物2,4,6-三甲基吡啶,密封,在80℃水浴条件下经固相微萃取(萃取纤维头为100 μm聚二甲基硅氧烷)提取2 h,提取物经毛细管气相色谱柱HP-5MS(30 mx0.25mm×0.25μm)分离,...     

GaMnAs薄膜洛伦兹振子模型参数提取以及材料缺陷分析

利用改进的遗传算法从GaMnAs外延薄膜的远红外反射光谱中提取了GaMnAs薄膜的洛伦兹振子模型参数,发现GaAs掺入Mn后,ωTO向低频方向移动,ωLO基本保持不变,ε∞和εs均减小,γ有很大变化.并通过XRD以及近红外谱发现Mn的掺入会引入缺陷,这种缺陷会影响晶格质量,导致γ发生很大变化.     

离心破乳-气相色谱法测定黑米中残留抑霉唑的研究

报道了离心破乳-气相色谱法测定黑米中残留抑霉唑的方法. 考察了不同离心速率、不同离心时间的破乳效率. 试样以V(正己烷):V(乙酸乙酯)＝1:1提取, 经毛细管气相色谱柱HP-5 (30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)分离, μ-ECD检测器测定. 方法检出限为1.0×10-3 mg/kg (S/N=3). 在添标水平0.05、 0.25和0.50 mg/kg时的平均回收率为92.3%～104.3%, 相对标准偏差为6.9%～9.3%. 线性范围为0.02～1.0 mg/L (r2=0.9994). 方法适合黑米中残留抑霉唑的测定.     

第二类Feigenbaum函数方程凸解的构造

考虑第二类Feigenbaum函数方程{f（x）=1/λf（f（λx））,0〈λ〈1,f（0）=1,0≤f（x）≤1,x∈[0,1]对于给定的初始函数,利用构造性方法讨论上述方程的连续凸解、C^1-凸解和C^2-凸解的存在性及唯一性.     

基于正态分布的逐批抽样检验贝叶斯控制图控制限研究

在生产条件受控的状态下,先验分布与后验分布应服从同一分布,在假设该分布为正态分布的前提下,根据贝叶斯理论推导出均值、极差和标准差的迭代计算公式,并依此计算控制图的控制限,使有效的先验批检验信息得到充分运用,弥补传统控制图在小批量生产环境下样本信息不足的缺点。研究发现,基于贝叶斯原理的统计控制图控制限随着检验批次的逐渐增加,更接近控制界限的实际值,比传统控制图的控制效果更加可靠、有效。